In the event of an emergency, knowing the right first aid techniques can be a lifesaver. However, there are several common first aid moves that can actually do more harm than good. This article will highlight seven critical mistakes to avoid during emergency situations.
1. Moving an Unconscious Person Without a Spinal Injury
If you encounter an unconscious person who may have a spinal injury, moving them can worsen the injury. Before attempting to move them, assess for any signs of a head, neck, or back injury. If there is a possibility of a spinal injury, follow these steps:
- Clear the area to prevent further injury.
- Place a board or flat object under the person’s back and shoulders.
- Place another board or flat object across the person’s abdomen.
- Secure the boards in place with a belt or a tie.
- Roll the person onto the boards as a unit, avoiding twisting their body.
- Move the person carefully to a safe location.
2. Applying Ice Directly to an Injury
While ice is often used to reduce swelling and inflammation, applying it directly to an injury can cause frostbite or exacerbate the injury. Instead, follow these steps:
- Wrap the ice in a cloth or towel.
- Apply the ice pack to the injured area for no more than 20 minutes at a time.
- Allow the skin to return to normal temperature before reapplying the ice pack.
3. Giving Oral Hydration to a Person With a Head Injury
After a head injury, a person may be at risk of vomiting, which can lead to aspiration if they ingest fluids. It is best to avoid giving them oral hydration until they have been evaluated by a medical professional.
4. Trying to Remove Foreign Objects From the Eye
Attempting to remove a foreign object from the eye can cause further damage. If a foreign object is stuck in the eye, follow these steps:
- Do not rub the eye.
- If the object is on the surface of the eye, flush it out with sterile saline or water.
- If the object is deep within the eye, do not attempt to remove it and seek medical attention immediately.
5. Applying Heat to a Fracture
Applying heat to a fracture can increase blood flow to the area, which can worsen the swelling and pain. Instead, follow these steps:
- Keep the injured area elevated and immobilized.
- Apply a cold compress to reduce swelling and pain.
6. Applying Pressure to Stop Bleeding
While pressure can help slow bleeding, applying too much pressure can constrict blood flow to the area and cause additional damage. Follow these steps:
- Elevate the injured limb if possible.
- Apply direct pressure to the wound with a clean cloth or bandage.
- If bleeding does not stop after 10 minutes of continuous pressure, seek medical attention.
7. Ignoring the Need for Medical Attention
In some cases, first aid may not be enough to address the severity of an injury. It is crucial to seek medical attention if:
- The injury is severe or life-threatening.
- The person is unconscious or not breathing.
- The injury is bleeding heavily and does not stop after applying pressure.
- The person has a known allergy to the first aid products being used.
By avoiding these common first aid mistakes, you can help ensure that the injured person receives the appropriate care and increases their chances of recovery. Always remember to seek professional medical help when necessary.